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[2012] NSWLRC 132
New South Wales Law Reform Commission
Australia - New South Wales

Legislation Cited

Legislation Name Provision
Constitution
Crimes Act 1914 (Cth) s15A, s17B
The Act (Cth)
Supported Accommodation Assistance Act 1994 (Cth) s4, s8
Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (Cth) s70, s243
Crimes Legislation Amendment (Penalty Notice Offences) Bill 2002 (NSW)
Fines Further Amendment Bill 2008 (NSW)
Assisted Reproductive Technology Act 2007 (NSW) s64
Biofuels Act 2007 (NSW) s29
Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) s60, s61, s93C, s150, s151, s154, s157, s199, s475B
Companion Animals Act 1998 (NSW) s92
Casino Control Act 1992 (NSW) s168A
Classification (Publications, Films and Computer Games) Enforcement Act 1995 (NSW) s61A
Conveyancers Licensing Act 2003 (NSW) s158
Contaminated Land Management Act 1997 (NSW) s92A
Crimes (Administration of Sentences) Act 1999 (NSW) s10
Criminal Procedure Act 1986 (NSW) s4, s6, s13, s14, s24, s25, s39, s40, s42, s43, s115, s244, s258, s273, s333, s335, s336, s337, s338, s340, s344, s344A
Children (Criminal Proceedings) Act 1987 (NSW) s3, s6, s7, s16, s28, s33
Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 (NSW) s9, s10, s15, s17, s25, s102
Civil Procedure Act 2005 (NSW)
Centennial Park and Moore Park Trust Act 1983 (NSW) s24
Court Security Act 2005 (NSW) s29
Drug and Alcohol Treatment Act 2007 (NSW) s5
District Court Act 1973 (NSW) s199
Dangerous Goods (Road and Rail Transport) Act 2008 (NSW) s48
Education Act 1990 (NSW) s3, s21, s21B
Explosives Act 2003 (NSW) s8, s34
Exhibited Animals Protection Act 1986 (NSW) s46A
Energy and Utilities Administration Act 1987 (NSW) s46A
Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 (NSW)
Electricity Supply Act 1995 (NSW) s187
Fines Act 1996 (NSW) s2, s3, s4, s6, s7, s8, s9, s10, s11, s12, s13, s14, s15, s16, s17, s18, s19, s19A, s19B, s20, s21, s22, s23, s23A, s24, s24A, s24B, s24C, s24E, s24F, s24G, s24H, s24J, s25, s26, s27, s28, s29, s30, s32, s33, s34, s35, s36, s37, s38, s39, s40, s41, s42, s43, s44, s45, s50, s51, s53, s57, s58, s65, s66, s67, s68, s69, s70, s71, s72, s73, s74, s75, s77, s78, s79, s80, s81, s82, s83, s84, s85, s86, s98, s99A, s99B, s99C, s99I, s100, s101, s101B, s102, s106, s107, s117, s118, s120, s121, s126A
Food Act 2003 (NSW) s120
Firearms Act 1996 (NSW) s85A
Fisheries Management Act 1994 (NSW) s25, s122, s122A, s137, s201, s247, s276
Fair Trading Act 1987 (NSW) s67
Game and Feral Animal Control Act 2002 (NSW) s57
Graffiti Control Act 2008 (NSW) s16
Government Information (Public Access) Act 2009 (NSW) s6, s18, s23, s74
Gaming Machines Act 2001 (NSW) s27, s50, s52, s89, s203
Gene Technology (GM Crop Moratorium) Act 2003 (NSW) s35
Home Building Act 1989 (NSW) s138A
Hemp Industry Act 2008 (NSW) s45
Health Records and Information Privacy Act 2002 (NSW)
Hunter Water Act 1991 (NSW) s31A
Inclosed Lands Protection Act 1901 (NSW) s10
Industrial Relations Act 1996 (NSW) s396
Industrial Relations (Child Employment) Act 2006 (NSW) s16
Jury Act 1977 (NSW) s64, s66
Liquor Act 2007 (NSW) s114, s117, s118, s123, s129, s150
Law Enforcement (Powers and Responsibilities) Act 2002 (NSW) s19A, s107, s133, s199, s206, s235
Local Government Act 1993 (NSW) s314, s637, s679
Lord Howe Island Act 1953 (NSW) s37B
Law Reform Commission Act 1967 (NSW) s10
Mining Act 1992 (NSW) s5
Mental Health Act 2007 (NSW)
Meat Industry Act 1978 (NSW) s76A
Marine Safety Act 1998 (NSW) s126
National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 (NSW) s160
Petroleum (Onshore) Act 1991 (NSW)
Pesticides Act 1999 (NSW) s10, s11, s76
Ports and Maritime Administration Act 1995 (NSW) s24, s100
Plantations and Reafforestation Act 1999 (NSW) s62
Pawnbrokers and Second-hand Dealers Act 1996 (NSW) s26, s28
Photo Card Act 2005 (NSW) s34
Public Health (Tobacco) Act 2008 (NSW) s12, s50
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act 1979 (NSW) s18, s21A, s33E
Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997 (NSW) s14, s120, s144, s224
Parramatta Park Trust Act 2001 (NSW) s30
Passenger Transport Act 1990 (NSW) s3, s59, s63
Roads Act 1993 (NSW) s243
Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Act 1980 (NSW) s22B
Registered Clubs Act 1976 (NSW) s45A, s66
Radiation Control Act 1990 (NSW) s25A
Rural Fires Act 1997 (NSW) s131
Retail Leases Act 1994 (NSW)
Retirement Villages Act 1999 (NSW) s184
Smoke-free Environment Act 2000 (NSW) s20A
Security Industry Act 1997 (NSW) s7, s39, s45A
Subordinate Legislation Act 1989 (NSW)
Stock Medicines Act 1989 (NSW) s60A
Summary Offences Act 1988 (NSW) s4, s4A, s5, s9, s11, s11C, s13, s29, s29A, s29B, s36
Sydney Olympic Park Authority Act 2001 (NSW) s79
Swimming Pools Act 1992 (NSW) s35
Sporting Venues (Invasions) Act 2003 (NSW) s12
Sporting Venues Authorities Act 2008 (NSW) s38
Sydney Water Act 1994 (NSW) s50
Transport Administration Act 1988 (NSW) s5, s117
Tow Truck Industry Act 1998 (NSW) s15, s64, s89
Unlawful Gambling Act 1998 (NSW) s52
Veterinary Practice Act 2003 (NSW) s9, s12, s13, s14, s29, s101
Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (NSW)
Water Industry Competition Act 2006 (NSW) s82
Workplace Injury Management and Workers Compensation Act 1998 (NSW) s246
Water Management Act (NSW) s19, s207, s208, s365
Weapons Prohibition Act 1998 (NSW) s42
Western Sydney Parklands Act 2006 (NSW) s48
Young Offenders Act 1997 (NSW) s9, s14, s20, s37
Environmental Planning and Assessment Regulation 2000 (NSW)
Supreme Court Rules 1970 (NSW)
Uniform Civil Procedure Rules 2005 (NSW)
Apiaries Act 1985 (NSW)
Bail Act 1978 (NSW)
Barangaroo Delivery Authority Act 2009 (NSW)
Business Names Act 2002 (NSW)
Building Professionals Act 2005 (NSW)
Commercial Agents and Private Inquiry Agents Act 2004 (NSW)
Crimes Amendment (Fraud, Identity and Forgery Offences) Act 2009 (NSW)
Crown Lands Act 1989 (NSW)
Casino, Liquor and Gaming Control Authority Act 2007 (NSW)
Crimes Legislation Amendment (Penalty Notice Offences) Act 2002 (NSW)
Deer Act 2006 (NSW)
Electricity (Consumer Safety) Act 2004 (NSW)
Forestry Act 1916 (NSW)
Fines Amendment Act 2008 (NSW)
Fines Further Amendment Act 2008 (NSW)
Fitness Services (Pre-paid Fees) Act 2000 (NSW)
Impounding Act 1993 (NSW)
Justices Act 1902 (NSW)
Justices (Penalty Defaults) Amendment Act 1987 (NSW)
Motor Dealer's Act 1974 (NSW)
Marine Parks Act 1997 (NSW)
Maritime Services Act 1935 (NSW)
Metropolitan Traffic Act 1900 (NSW)
Motor Traffic Act 1909 (NSW)
Motor Tax Management Act 1914 (NSW)
Motor Vehicle Repairs Act 1980 (NSW)
Non-Indigenous Animals Act 1987 (NSW)
Native Vegetation Act 2003 (NSW)
Noxious Weeds Act 1993 (NSW)
Occupational Health and Safety Act 2000 (NSW)
Police Powers Legislation Amendment Act 2006 (NSW)
Rural Lands Protection Act 1998 (NSW)
Registration of Interests in Goods Act 1986 (NSW)
Residential Parks Act 1998 (NSW)
Rail Safety Act 2008 (NSW)
Road Transport (General) Act 2005 (NSW)
Road Transport (Driver Licensing) Act 1998 (NSW)
Sydney Cricket and Sports Ground Act 1978 (NSW)
Stock Diseases Act 1923 (NSW) sHFAA1998N170438.PDF.SINO_TEXT
Summary Offences Act 1970 (NSW) sRA1975N26249.PDF.SINO_TEXT
Sydney Water Catchment Management Act 1998 (NSW)
Transport Act 1930 (NSW)
Vagrancy Act 1902 (NSW)
Valuers Act 2003 (NSW)
Animal Diseases (Emergency Outbreaks) Act 1991 (NSW)
Bail Regulation 2008 (NSW)
Centennial Park and Moore Park Trust Regulation 2009 (NSW)
Criminal Procedure Regulation 2010 (NSW)
Criminal Procedure Regulation 2005 (NSW)
Criminal Procedure Regulation 2000 (NSW)
Energy and Utilities Administration Regulation 2006 (NSW)
Explosives Regulation 2005 (NSW)
Electricity (Consumer Safety) Regulation 2006 (NSW)
Fines Amendment (Work and Development Orders) Regulation 2011 (NSW)
Fisheries Management (General) Regulation 2010 (NSW)
Forestry Regulation 2009 (NSW)
Fines Regulation 2010 (NSW)
Gaming Machines Regulation 2002 (NSW)
Local Government (General) Regulation 2005 (NSW)
Liquor Regulation 2008 (NSW)
Motor Dealers Regulation 2010 (NSW)
National Parks and Wildlife Regulation 2009 (NSW)
Protection of the Environment Operations (Clean Air) Regulation 2010 (NSW)
Protection of the Environment Operations (General) Regulation 2009 (NSW)
Pesticides Regulation 2009 (NSW)
Property, Stock and Business Agents Regulation 2003 (NSW)
Passenger Transport Regulation 2007 (NSW)
Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Regulation 2008 (NSW)
Registered Clubs Regulation 1996 (NSW)
Road Rules 2008 (NSW)
Rail Safety (Offences) Regulation 2008 (NSW)
Road Transport (General) Regulation 2005 (NSW)
Stock Foods Act 1940 (NSW)
Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority Regulation 2011 (NSW)
Security Industry Regulation 2007 (NSW)
Sydney Olympic Park Authority Regulation 2007 (NSW)
Stock (Chemical Residues) Regulation 2010 (NSW)
Transport Administration (General) Regulation 2005 (NSW)
Tow Truck Industry Regulation 2008 (NSW)
Veterinary Practice Regulation 2006 (NSW)
Victims Support and Rehabilitation Act 1996 (NSW)
Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 (NSW)
Western Sydney Parklands Regulation 2007 (NSW)
Young Offenders Regulation 2010 (NSW) s42A, s8, s32, s13, s92, s28, s162, s33, s36, s47, s44, s46A, s16, s36, s100I, s110, s113, s114, s9, s47, s53E, s38, s30D, s87A, s27A, s43, s63, s12, s108, s19, s120C, s206, s19A, s17, s149, s23, s139, s30A, s20O, s32A, s12C, s12D, s15A, s65, s42
Sydney Olympic Park Regulation 2001 (NSW)
Fines and Penalties (Recovery) Act 2001 (NT) s7, s19
Summary Offences Act 2005 (Qld) s6
State Penalties Enforcement Act 1999 (Qld) s13, s14, s96, s97
Expiation of Offences Act 1996 (SA) s4, s5, s6, s25
Youth Court Act 1993 (SA) s7
Young Offenders Act 1993 (SA) s4
Infringements (Consequential and Other Amendments) Bill 2006 (Vic)
Children, Youth and Families Act 2005 (Vic) s516
Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s57
Infringements Act 2006 (Vic) s3, s12, s14, s23, s53, s162, s163, s163A
Monetary Units Act 2004 (Vic) s5, s56, s65, s71, s90, s92, s94, s101, s106, s107, s108, s120, s121, s122, s156, s158, s159, s160

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name Citation(s) Court Jurisdiction Date †  Full Text Citation Index
Weir v R [2011] NSWCCA 123 Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Criminal Appeal Australia - New South Wales 6 Jun 2011 AustLII flag 33
"On Cash and Conviction: Monetary Sanctions as Misguided Policy" (2011) 10 Criminology and Public Policy 509 Criminology and Public Policy circa 2011 1
"Politicizing the Case for Fines" (2011) 10 Criminology and Public Policy 547 Criminology and Public Policy circa 2011 1
"On Cash and Conviction: Monetary Sanctions as Misguided Policy" (2011) 10 (3) Criminology and Public Policy 509 Criminology and Public Policy circa 2011 1
Vaovasa v R [2007] NSWCCA 253; (2007) 174 A Crim R 116 Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Criminal Appeal Australia - New South Wales 28 Aug 2007 AustLII flag 29
R v Harris [2007] NSWCCA 130; (2007) 171 A Crim R 267 Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Criminal Appeal Australia - New South Wales 14 May 2007 AustLII flag 112
R v Mak [2006] NSWCCA 381; (2006) 167 A Crim R 159 Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Criminal Appeal Australia - New South Wales 30 Nov 2006 AustLII flag 357
R v MMK [2006] NSWCCA 272; (2006) 164 A Crim R 481 Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Criminal Appeal Australia - New South Wales 5 Sep 2006 AustLII flag 183
Environment Protection Authority v Barnes [2006] NSWCCA 246 Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Criminal Appeal Australia - New South Wales 17 Aug 2006 AustLII flag 271
BP v R [2006] NSWCCA 172 Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Criminal Appeal Australia - New South Wales 1 Jun 2006 AustLII flag 19
"Not the Baby and the Bathwater: Regulatory Reform for Equality Laws to Address Work-Family Conflict" (2006) 28 Sydney Law Review 689 Sydney Law Review Australia circa 2006 AustLII flag 7
R v Knight [2005] NSWCCA 253; (2005) 155 A Crim R 252 Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Criminal Appeal Australia - New South Wales 27 Jul 2005 AustLII flag 112
R v Folbigg [2005] NSWCCA 23; 152 A Crim R 35 Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Criminal Appeal Australia - New South Wales 17 Feb 2005 AustLII flag 26
"Queensland" (2005) 17 (2) Current Issues in Criminal Justice 217 Current Issues in Criminal Justice Australia circa 2005 AustLII flag 4
Johnson v R [2004] HCA 15; (2004) 205 ALR 346; (2004) 78 ALJR 616 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 30 Mar 2004 AustLII flag 762
R v KM [2004] NSWCCA 65 Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Criminal Appeal Australia - New South Wales 18 Mar 2004 AustLII flag 47
R v Patison [2003] NSWCCA 171; 143 A Crim R 118 Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Criminal Appeal Australia - New South Wales 15 Jul 2003 AustLII flag 16
Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs, Re; Ex parte Lam [2003] HCA 6; (2003) 214 CLR 1; (2003) 195 ALR 502; (2003) 77 ALJR 699; (2003) 72 ALD 613; (2003) 24 Leg Rep 8 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth circa 2003 AustLII flag 1880
"The Use of Financial Penalties and the Amounts Imposed: The Need for a New Approach" [2003] Criminal Law Review 13 Criminal Law Review United Kingdom circa 2003 Westlaw flag 1
Azzopardi v R [2001] HCA 25; (2001) 205 CLR 50; 179 ALR 349; (2001) 119 A Crim R 8; (2001) 22 Leg Rep C1 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 3 May 2001 AustLII flag 505
R v Wheeler [2000] NSWCCA 34 Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Criminal Appeal Australia - New South Wales 16 Feb 2000 AustLII flag 147
"A Developmental Perspective on Serious Juvenile Crime: When Should Juveniles be Treated as Adults?" (1999) 63 Federal Probation 52 Federal Probation United States circa 1999 HeinOnline / Westlaw flag 2
Re Wakim; Ex Parte McNally (1999) 198 CLR 511 Australia - Commonwealth circa 1999 Legal Online / Westlaw flag 782
Postiglione v R [1997] HCA 26; (1997) 189 CLR 295; (1997) 145 ALR 408; (1997) 94 A Crim R 397; (1997) 71 ALJR 875; (1997) 15 Leg Rep C1 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 24 Jul 1997 AustLII flag 2161
Pell, Archbishop of Melbourne v Council of Trustees of National Gallery (Piss Christ Case) [1998] 2 VR 391; (1997) 96 A Crim R 575 Australia - Victoria circa 1997 LexisNexis AU flag 19
Kable v DPP (NSW) [1996] HCA 24; (1996) 189 CLR 51; 138 ALR 577; (1996) 14 Leg Rep C1; (1996) 70 ALJR 814; [1996] 3 CHRLD 435 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 12 Sep 1996 AustLII flag 1051
"Procedural Justice and Regulatory Compliance" (1996) 20 Law and Human Behavior 83 Law and Human Behavior circa 1996 Westlaw 2
Broken Hill Proprietary Co Ltd v Dagi [1996] VicRp 62; [1996] 2 VR 117 Australia - Victoria 15 Dec 1995 AustLII flag 45
Terry John Adams v R [1995] SASC 5326; (1995) 66 SASR 284 Supreme Court of South Australia Australia - South Australia 20 Nov 1995 AustLII flag 8
C v DPP [1995] UKHL 15; (1996) 1 AC 1; [1995] 2 All ER 43; [1995] RTR 261; [1995] Fam Law 400; [1995] Crim LR 801; [1995] 2 WLR 383; [1995] 2 Cr App R 166; (1995) 159 JP 269 House of Lords United Kingdom 16 Mar 1995 BAILII flag 73
Camilleri's Stock Feeds Pty Ltd v Environment Protection Authority [1993] NSWLR 683 Australia - New South Wales circa 1993 LexisNexis AU flag 5
Hortin v Rowbottom (1993) 61 SASR 313; (1993) 68 A Crim R 381 Supreme Court of South Australia Australia - South Australia circa 1993 Legal Online / Westlaw flag 18
R v Sgroi (1989) 40 A Crim R 197 Australia circa 1989 Legal Online / Westlaw flag 114
"What is Procedural Justice? Criteria Used by Citizens to Assess the Fairness of Legal Procedures" (1988) 22 Law and Society Review 103 Law and Society Review United States circa 1988 flag 14
He Kaw Teh v R [1985] HCA 43; (1985) 157 CLR 523; (1985) 60 ALR 449; 15 A Crim R 203; (1985) 59 ALJR 620; [1986] LRC (Crim) 553 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 11 Jul 1985 AustLII flag 825
R v Brown (1982) 5 A Crim R 404 Australia circa 1982 Legal Online / Westlaw flag 52
Sweet v Parsley [1969] UKHL 1; [1970] AC 132; [1969] 1 All ER 347; (1969) 53 Cr App R 221; [1969] 2 WLR 470 House of Lords United Kingdom 23 Jan 1969 BAILII flag 312
Inglis v Fish [1961] VicRp 97; [1961] VR 607 Australia - Victoria 17 May 1961 AustLII flag 20
Worcester v Smith [1950] VicLawRp 62; [1951] VLR 316; [1951] ALR 660 Australia - Victoria 4 Sep 1950 AustLII flag 36
Enever v R [1906] HCA 3; (1906) 3 CLR 969; 12 ALR 592 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 12 Mar 1906 AustLII flag 219
Re Marland 1 DCR (NSW) 224 Australia - New South Wales circa 1969 flag 3

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