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Ia Tangata A review of the protections in the Human Rights Act 1993 for people who are transgender, people who are non-binary and people who have an innate variation of sex characteristics    

Legislation Cited

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text		Citation Index
VVR v Trustee for Ironfish Property Management Melbourne Unit Trust 73299113275 (Human Rights)	[2024] VCAT 222	Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal	Australia - Victoria	13 Mar 2024	AustLII		1
R (on the application of Castellucci) v Gender Recognition Panel	[2024] EWHC 54	High Court of England and Wales	United Kingdom - England and Wales	circa 2024	BAILII
R (AA) v National Health Service Commissioning Board	[2023] EWHC 43	High Court of England and Wales	United Kingdom - England and Wales	circa 2023	BAILII		1
Bilac v Abbey	[2023] CHRT 43	Canadian Human Rights Tribunal	Canada	circa 2023	CanLII		1
Hansman v Neufeld	[2023] SCC 14; (2023) 481 DLR (4th) 218	Supreme Court of Canada	Canada	circa 2023			1
[2023] So 313	[2023] So 313		United States	circa 2023			1
Moncrief-Spittle v Regional Facilities Auckland Ltd	[2022] NZSC 138; [2022] 1 NZLR 459	Supreme Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	5 Dec 2022	NZLII		24
Make It 16 Incorporated v Attorney-General	[2022] NZSC 134; [2022] 1 NZLR 683	Supreme Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	21 Nov 2022	NZLII		9
Goel v Barron	[2022] NZHRRT 28	New Zealand Human Rights Review Tribunal	New Zealand	16 Aug 2022	NZLII		2
Matthews v Newberry's Funeral Home Ltd	[2022] NZERA 345	New Zealand Employment Relations Authority	New Zealand	26 Jul 2022	NZLII		1
Mackereth v Department for Work and Pensions	[2022] EAT 99	England and Wales Employment Appeals Tribunal	United Kingdom - England and Wales	29 Jun 2022	BAILII		1
"Feminism, Trans Justice, and Speech Rights: A Comparative Perspective"	(2022) 85 Law and Contemporary Problems 215	Law and Contemporary Problems	United States	circa 2022	HeinOnline / LexisNexis		1
Bostock v Clayton County ”	(2022) 97 Washington Law Review (Seattle) 1149	Washington Law Review (Seattle)	United States - Washington	circa 2022			1
Ellis v R (Continuance)	[2022] NZSC 114; [2022] 1 NZLR 239	Supreme Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	circa 2022	NZLII		75
"Transgender Athletes and International Sports Policy"	(2022) 85 Law and Contemporary Problems 151	Law and Contemporary Problems	United States	circa 2022	HeinOnline / LexisNexis		1
"Dignity and Mana in the ‘ Third Law ’ of Aotearoa New Zealand"	(2021) 29 New Zealand Universities Law Review 623	New Zealand Universities Law Review	New Zealand	circa 2021	Westlaw		4
Nelson v Goodberry Restaurant Group Ltd	[2021] BCHRT 137	British Columbia Human Rights Tribunal	Canada - British Columbia	circa 2021	CanLII		2
(2021) 106 Cornell Law Review 1601	(2021) 106 Cornell Law Review 1601	Cornell Law Review	United States	circa 2021	HeinOnline / LexisNexis		1
EN v Gallagher ’ s Bar and Lounge	[2021] HRTO 240	Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario	Canada - Ontario	circa 2021	CanLII		1
"Intersex: cultural and social perspectives"	(2021) 23 Culture Health and Sexuality 431	Culture, Health and Sexuality		circa 2021			1
Centre for Gender Advocacy v The Attorney General of Qu é bec	[2021] QCCS 191; 481 CRR (2d) 273	Superior Court	Canada - Quebec	circa 2021	CanLII		1
Marshall v IDEA Services Ltd (HDC Act)	[2020] NZHRRT 9	New Zealand Human Rights Review Tribunal	New Zealand	16 Mar 2020	NZLII		9
"When Trans Rights Are Disability Rights: The Promises and Perils of Seeking Gender Dysphoria Coverage under the Americans with Disabilities Act"	(2020) 43 Harvard Journal of Law and Gender 137	Harvard Journal of Law and Gender	United States	circa 2020			1
"The Majestic Equality of Disenfranchisement: Assessing the Right to Freedom from Discrimination in Light of the Ngaronoa Litigation"	(2020) 51 Victoria University of Wellingtion Law Review 27	Victoria University of Wellingtion Law Review	New Zealand	circa 2020	HeinOnline / LexisNexis		1
"Equality Jurisprudence in Canada"	(2019) 17 New Zealand Journal of Public and International Law 127	New Zealand Journal of Public and International Law	New Zealand	circa 2019	HeinOnline / Westlaw		2
"Sexual Privacy"	(2019) 128 Yale Law Journal 1870	Yale Law Journal	United States	circa 2019	HeinOnline / Westlaw		1
"Why dignity rights matter"	(2019) 2 European Human Rights Law Review 129	European Human Rights Law Review	United Kingdom	circa 2019	Westlaw		3
Oger v Whatcott (No 7)	[2019] BCHRT 58; 94 CHRR D/222	British Columbia Human Rights Tribunal	Canada - British Columbia	circa 2019	CanLII		2
Attorney-General v Taylor	[2018] NZSC 104; [2019] 1 NZLR 213; (2018) 11 HRNZ 574	Supreme Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	9 Nov 2018	NZLII		37
New Health New Zealand Inc v South Taranaki District Council	[2018] NZSC 59; [2018] 1 NZLR 948	Supreme Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	27 Jun 2018	NZLII		45
Wall v Fairfax New Zealand Ltd	[2018] NZHC 104; [2018] 2 NZLR 471; (2018) 11 HRNZ 373	High Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	12 Feb 2018	NZLII		11
"A Compromised Balance? A Comparative Examination of Exceptions to Age Discrimination Law in Australia and the UK"	(2018) 41 Melbourne University Law Review 1085	Melbourne University Law Review	Australia	circa 2018	AustLII		2
R (C) v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions	[2017] UKSC 72; [2017] 1 WLR 4127	United Kingdom Supreme Court	United Kingdom	1 Nov 2017	BAILII		9
Ngaronoa v Attorney-General	[2017] NZCA 351; [2017] 3 NZLR 643	Court of Appeal of New Zealand	New Zealand	17 Aug 2017	NZLII		38
"The Symmetry Principle"	(2017) 58 Boston College Law Review 1085	Boston College Law Review	United States	circa 2017	HeinOnline / LexisNexis		1
Barksey v Four Corners Medical Walk In Clinic/Northwood Medical Clinics Inc	[2016] HRTO 1116	Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario	Canada - Ontario	circa 2016	CanLII		1
Browne v Sudbury Integrated Nickel Operations	[2016] HRTO 62	Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario	Canada - Ontario	circa 2016	CanLII		1
Lewis v Sugar Daddys Nightclub	[2016] HRTO 347; 83 CHRR D/111	Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario	Canada - Ontario	circa 2016	CanLII		1
Jacobsen v Zhou	[2015] NZHRRT 38	New Zealand Human Rights Review Tribunal	New Zealand	3 Sep 2015	NZLII		1
Seales v Attorney-General	[2015] NZHC 1239; [2015] 3 NZLR 556; (2015) 10 HRNZ 418	High Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	4 Jun 2015	NZLII		22
(2015) 703 NZPD 2185	(2015) 703 NZPD 2185		New Zealand	circa 2015			1
Dawson v Vancouver Police Board	[2015] BCHRT 54	British Columbia Human Rights Tribunal	Canada - British Columbia	circa 2015	CanLII		2
DML v Montgomery	[2014] NZHRRT 6	New Zealand Human Rights Review Tribunal	New Zealand	12 Feb 2014	NZLII		15
CF v Alberta (Vital Statistics)	[2014] ABQB 237	Court of Queen's Bench of Alberta	Canada - Alberta	circa 2014	CanLII		1
"No Man's Land': Non-binary Sex Identification in Australian Law and Policy"	(2014) 37 University of New South Wales Law Journal 847	University of New South Wales Law Journal	Australia	circa 2014	AustLII		2
Gay and Lesbian Clergy Anti-Discrimination Society Inc v Bishop of Auckland	[2013] NZHRRT 36; (2013) 9 HRNZ 612	New Zealand Human Rights Review Tribunal	New Zealand	17 Oct 2013	NZLII		4
Child Poverty Action Group Inc v Attorney-General	[2013] NZCA 402; [2013] 3 NZLR 729; (2013) 9 HRNZ 742	Court of Appeal of New Zealand	New Zealand	30 Aug 2013	NZLII		35
B v Waitemata District Health Board	[2013] NZHC 1702; [2013] NZAR 937; [2013] FRNZ 186	High Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	8 Jul 2013	NZLII		9
R(Green) v Secretary of State for Justice	[2013] EWHC 3491	High Court of England and Wales	United Kingdom - England and Wales	circa 2013	BAILII
"A Private Underworld: The Naked Body in Law and Society"	(2013) 61 Buffalo Law Review 169	Buffalo Law Review	United States	circa 2013	HeinOnline / LexisNexis		2
Brodeur v Ontario (Health and Long-Term Care)	[2013] HRTO 1229	Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario	Canada - Ontario	circa 2013	CanLII		1
Takamore v Clarke	[2012] NZSC 116; [2013] 2 NZLR 733	Supreme Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	18 Dec 2012	NZLII		121
Ministry of Health v Atkinson	[2012] NZCA 184; [2012] 3 NZLR 456; (2012) 9 HRNZ 572	Court of Appeal of New Zealand	New Zealand	14 May 2012	NZLII		98
XY v Ontario (Government and Consumer Services)	[2012] HRTO 726	Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario	Canada - Ontario	circa 2012	CanLII		1
Attorney-General v Chapman	[2011] NZSC 110; [2012] 1 NZLR 462; (2011) 9 HRNZ 257	Supreme Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	16 Sep 2011	NZLII		93
Winther v Housing New Zealand Corporation	[2010] NZCA 601; [2011] 1 NZLR 825; (2010) 12 NZCPR 293	Court of Appeal of New Zealand	New Zealand	9 Dec 2010	NZLII		10
David McAlister v Air New Zealand Lmited	[2009] NZSC 78; [2010] 1 NZLR 153; (2009) 8 HRNZ 801; [2009] ERNZ 410; (2009) 9 NZELC 93,242; (2009) 6 NZELR 704	Supreme Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	20 Jul 2009	NZLII		82
Cropp v Judicial Committee	[2008] NZSC 46; [2008] 3 NZLR 774	Supreme Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	17 Jun 2008	NZLII		61
Bullock v Department of Corrections	[2008] NZHRRT 4	New Zealand Human Rights Review Tribunal	New Zealand	19 Mar 2008	NZLII		5
R v Kapp	[2008] 2 SCR 483			circa 2008			6
AL (Serbia) v Secretary of State for the Home Department	[2008] UKHL 42; [2008] 1 WLR 1434	House of Lords	United Kingdom	circa 2008	BAILII		64
"Reclaiming the past to inform the future: Contemporary views of Maori sexuality"	(2007) 9 Culture Health and Sexuality 415	Culture, Health and Sexuality		circa 2007			1
R v Hansen	[2007] NZSC 7; [2007] 3 NZLR 1; (2007) 23 CRNZ 104; (2007) 8 HRNZ 222	Supreme Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	circa 2007	NZLII		362
"Discrimination and Trans People: The Abandoned Proposal to Amend the Human Rights Act 1993"	(2007) 5 New Zealand Journal of Public and International Law 301	New Zealand Journal of Public and International Law	New Zealand	circa 2007	HeinOnline / Westlaw		3
Hogan v Ontario (Minister of Health & Long-Term Care)	[2006] HRTO 32	Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario	Canada - Ontario	circa 2006	CanLII		1
R (Carson) v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions; R (Reynolds) v Same	[2005] UKHL 37; [2006] 1 AC 173; [2005] 4 All ER 545; [2005] UKHRR 1185; [2005] HRLR 23; [2005] 2 WLR 1369; 18 BHRC 677; [2005] All ER (D) 397	House of Lords	United Kingdom	26 May 2005	BAILII		295
Chief Constable of the West Yorkshire Police v A (No 2)	[2004] UKHL 21; [2005] 1 AC 51; [2004] 3 All ER 145; [2004] HRLR 25; [2004] UKHRR 694; [2004] IRLR 573; [2004] ICR 806; [2004] 2 WLR 1209	House of Lords	United Kingdom	6 May 2004	BAILII		22
Khosa v Minister of Social Development	[2004] ZACC 11; 2004 6 SA 505	Constitutional Court of South Africa	South Africa	4 Mar 2004	SAFLII		66
Canada (Attorney General) v Canada (Human Rights Commission)	[2003] FCT 89; 228 FTR 231	Fedeal Court of Canada	Canada	circa 2003	CanLII		1
Waters v British Columbia (Ministry of Health Services)	[2003] BCHRT 13; 46 CHRR 139	British Columbia Human Rights Tribunal	Canada - British Columbia	circa 2003	CanLII		2
Kavanagh v Canada (Attorney General)	(2001) 41 CHRR D/119		Canada	circa 2001			1
"Is this a Public Law Case?"	(2000) 31 Victoria University of Wellingtion Law Review 747	Victoria University of Wellingtion Law Review	New Zealand	circa 2000	HeinOnline / LexisNexis		5
Moonen v Film and Literature Board of Review	[1999] NZCA 329; [2000] 2 NZLR 9; (1999) 5 HRNZ 224; (1999) 17 CRNZ 159	Court of Appeal of New Zealand	New Zealand	17 Dec 1999	NZLII		175
Law v Canada (Minister of Employment and Immigration)	[1999] 1 SCR 497; 170 DLR (4th) 1	Supreme Court of Canada	Canada	25 Mar 1999	Supreme Court of Canada		81
Corbiere v Canada (Minister of Indian and Northern Affairs)	[1999] 2 SCR 203			circa 1999			29
Sheridan v Sanctuary Investments Ltd	[1999] BCHRT 4; 33 CHRR D/467	British Columbia Human Rights Tribunal	Canada - British Columbia	circa 1999	CanLII		1
Robertson v Australian Ice Hockey Federation	[1998] VADT 112	Victorian Anti-Discrimination Tribunal	Australia - Victoria	26 Mar 1998	AustLII		6
Quilter v Attorney-General	[1997] NZCA 207; [1998] 1 NZLR 523; (1997) 2 CHRLD 206; (1997) 4 HRNZ 170; (1997) 16 FRNZ 298; (1997) 3 BHRC 461; [1998] NZFLR 196	Court of Appeal of New Zealand	New Zealand	17 Dec 1997	NZLII		137
Harksen v Lane	[1997] ZACC 12; 1998 1 SA 300	Constitutional Court of South Africa	South Africa	7 Oct 1997	SAFLII		254
P v S	[1996] ECR I-2143		Europe	circa 1996			20
Egan v Canada	[1995] 2 SCR 513; (1995) 29 CRR (2d) 79; (1995) 124 DLR (4th) 609; (1995) 12 RFL (4th) 201; [1996] 2 CHRLD 182; 186 NR 161; 95 CLLC 210-025	Supreme Court of Canada	Canada	25 May 1995	Supreme Court of Canada		79
Coburn v Human Rights Commission	[1994] 3 NZLR 323		New Zealand	circa 1994	LexisNexis		49
(1993) 537 NZPD 16905	(1993) 537 NZPD 16905		New Zealand	circa 1993			1
(1993) 537 NZPD 16908	(1993) 537 NZPD 16908		New Zealand	circa 1993			1
(1993) 537 NZPD 16912	(1993) 537 NZPD 16912		New Zealand	circa 1993			1
(1993) 537 NZPD 16904	(1993) 537 NZPD 16904		New Zealand	circa 1993			1
(1993) 536 NZPD 16911	(1993) 536 NZPD 16911		New Zealand	circa 1993			1
(1993) 536 NZPD 16908	(1993) 536 NZPD 16908		New Zealand	circa 1993			1
(1993) 537 NZPD 16943	(1993) 537 NZPD 16943		New Zealand	circa 1993			1
(1993) 537 NZPD 16951	(1993) 537 NZPD 16951		New Zealand	circa 1993			1
(1993) 537 NZPD 16965	(1993) 537 NZPD 16965		New Zealand	circa 1993			1
(1992) 532 NZPD 13213	(1992) 532 NZPD 13213		New Zealand	circa 1992			1
Convention on the Rights of the Child	(1989) 1577 UNTS 3		International	circa 1989			525
Huakina Development Trust v Waikato Valley Authority	[1987] NZHC 130; [1987] 2 NZLR 188; (1987) 12 NZTPA 129	High Court of New Zealand	New Zealand	2 Jun 1987	NZLII		88
R v Oakes	[1986] CanLII 46		Canada	circa 1986	CanLII
Auckland Shop Employees Union v Woolworths (NZ) Ltd	[1985] 2 NZLR 372; [1985] ACJ 963		New Zealand	3 Apr 1985	NZLII		396
(1977) 411 NZPD 1477	(1977) 411 NZPD 1477		New Zealand	circa 1977			2
(1977) 412 NZPD 2294	(1977) 412 NZPD 2294		New Zealand	circa 1977			1
(1977) 413 NZPD 2387	(1977) 413 NZPD 2387		New Zealand	circa 1977			1
(1977) 411 NZPD 1246	(1977) 411 NZPD 1246		New Zealand	circa 1977			2
(1977) 411 NZPD 1475	(1977) 411 NZPD 1475		New Zealand	circa 1977			1
(1977) 411 NZPD 1474	(1977) 411 NZPD 1474		New Zealand	circa 1977			1
(1976) 408 NZPD 4687	(1976) 408 NZPD 4687		New Zealand	circa 1976			1
San Antonio Independent School District v Rodriguez	411 US 1; 36 L Ed 2d 16; 93 SCt 1278; (1973) 41 USLW 4407	United States Supreme Court	United States	23 Apr 1973	WorldLII		482
Economic, Social and Cultural Rights	(1966) 993 UNTS 3		International	circa 1966			368
Civil and Political Rights	(1966) 999 UNTS 171		International	circa 1966			1329
Meriweather v Hartop	992 F3d 492		United States	circa 2005	Westlaw		1
Grimm v Gloucester County School Board	972 F3d 586		United States	circa 2005	Westlaw		1
Whitaker v Kenosha Unified School District	858 F3d 1034		United States	circa 2005	Westlaw		1
Fields v Smith	712 FSupp 2d 830		United States	circa 2005	Westlaw		1
Bostock v Clayton County	590 US 644	United States Supreme Court	United States	circa 2005	Westlaw		1
Eller v Prince George ’ s County Public Schools	580 FSupp 3d 154		United States	circa 2005	Westlaw		1
Doe v Triangle Doughnuts LLC	472 FSupp 3d 115		United States	circa 2005	Westlaw		1
Tay v Dennison	457 FSupp 3d 657		United States	circa 2005	Westlaw		1
Roberts v Clark County School District	215 FSupp 3d 1001		United States	circa 2005	Westlaw		1
"What Makes Wrongful Discrimination Wrong? Biases, Preferences, Stereotypes, and Proxies"	141 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 149	University of Pennsylvania Law Review	United States	circa 2005	HeinOnline / LexisNexis		3
Kadel v Folwell	100 F 122			circa 2005			1